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Mr . Ali Divandary, discusses “Liberalism in Management: A Critique on the Application of Economic Theory to Management” by taking a historical view on development of management thought. Taylor’s approach was to find the most effective and efficient methods that minimizes cost, or maximizes productivity. The human Behavior approach based managerial objectives on satisfaction of individual needs. Then the system approach and contingency approach gained support for different tasks.
‘[he author examines management by contingency from the Islamic framework. lie takes a 5100(1 that contingency theory should be viewed from the Islamic mimic universalism and be adapter to the Islamic values. we should not lose sight of’ our principal goals while changing managerial approaches.